ACID, BASES, AND pH

chemisty

chemistry is very interesting subject.it deal with chemical bahavior of substanses. it has many branches as listed

1. 
   
   
   organic chemistry



2. 
   
   
   inorganic chemistry



3. 
   
   
   analytical chemistry



4. 
   
   
   physical chemistry



5. 
   
   
   applied chemistry



6. 
   
   
   nuclear chemistry



7. 
   
   
   bio chemistry



8. 
   
   
   textil chemistry



9. 
   
   
   envirmental chemistry
   
   

   first we will discuss some basics things about chemistry

.The pH
it have very important roll in our life. most of our body functions and so many industrial process around us based on pH.
to understand pH we first have to know about acids and bases.

acid:

an acid is a spcies that provide H+ ion in aquas media or which accept a lone pair of electrons. i.g HCl,H2SO4
HCl-------->H+ + Cl-
here H+ is an arhenus acid.begause it provides a H+ ion.

base:

a base is species that provides -OH ions in aquas media, or which donates a lone pair of electron.i.g NAOH, kOH
NAOH-------->Na+ + OH-
here NaOH is a base because it provides a -OH ion in solutio
pH:

pH is the -ve logrithem of hydrogen ions concentration.

-log[H+]=pH
-log[pH] + -log[pOH]=14
pH +pOH=14
the pH scale ranges from 1--14. if the pH is 7 then solution is neutral, if pH is less than 7 then solution is acidic and if pH is above than 7 then solution is basic.
mostly reactions takes place at certian pH. i.g phenolphthlene give its pink colour at pH 9-10.
The pH of our body ranges between 6.0 to 6.4.We inhail oxygon with air , when we exhail it then CO2 present in our body goes out.
if this CO2 remais in our body then it will react with water and form CARBANIC ACID and pH of the body will get down and man will move towards death.